Looking at the Bigger Picture

Our son has Dyslexia and Dysgraphia. However, we don’t call it that where I live. We refer to his learning disabilities as Learning Disability: Communication. This label is completely deceiving. Our son has NO problems communicating. He does however, have a lot of trouble reading and writing. With writing it is beyond the physical act, however, it’s also part of it. Simply learning how to maneuver on a keyboard won’t help him. He needs to think about every sound, for letter in every word for every sentence. Imagine the exhaustion after writing one sentence never mind a paragraph. Although our son is now functionally literate, I doubt that he will ever read John Grisham or Stephen King for pleasure. However, he might listen to them. Our son will most likely remain a comic book fan for his entire life. He likes the story lines (and trust me, there is nothing simplistic about Marvel’s Multi-Universe), and he can read these independently. Our son’s comprehension is pretty much through the roof. However, no one seems to want to take advantage of this. So, when I see modifications on his IEP, it is usually around reducing the amount of reading or writing our son is expected to produce. So, if an average student in his grade is expected to write a page, he might be expected to write a paragraph. Why can’t he dictate and still be expected to produce a page? Why isn’t our son provided with audio books to listen to and then he can dictate answers to comprehension questions into his computer? My question is this: what are we trying to accomplish with modifications to the curriculum? The IEP is supposed to establish multiple access points to the curriculum. It is supposed to provide equity. I’m not sure that this is happening. This year, more so than others, it’s just not sitting well with me. 

What is a Learning Disability (LD)?

The definition of LD as per the Ontario Ministry of Education:

Learning Disability 
A learning disorder evident in both academic and social situations that involves one or more of the processes necessary for the proper use of spoken language or the symbols of communication, and that is characterized by a condition that:

a) is not primarily the result of: 

impairment of vision;

impairment of hearing;

physical disability;

developmental disability;

primary emotional disturbance;

cultural difference;

b) results in a significant discrepancy between academic achievement and assessed intellectual ability, with deficits in one or more of the following:

receptive language (listening, reading);

language processing (thinking, conceptualizing, integrating);

expressive language (talking, spelling, writing);v

mathematical computations; and

c) may be associated with one or more conditions diagnosed as:

a perceptual handicap;

a brain injury;

minimal brain dysfunction;

dyslexia;

developmental aphasia.

www.edu.gov.on.ca/eng/

The Learning Disabilities Association of Ontario Defines LD as:

"Learning Disabilities" refers to a variety of disorders that affect the acquisition, retention, understanding, organization or use of verbal and/or non-verbal information. These disorders result from impairments in one or more psychological processes related to learning (footnote a), in combination with otherwise average abilities essential for thinking and reasoning. Learning disabilities are specific not global impairments and as such, are distinct from intellectual disabilities.

Learning disabilities range in severity and invariably interfere with the acquisition and use of one or more of the following important skills:

oral language (e.g., listening, speaking, understanding)

reading (e.g., decoding, comprehension)

written language (e.g., spelling, written expression)

mathematics (e.g., computation, problem solving)

Footnote a: 

The term "psychological processes" describes an evolving list of cognitive functions. To date, research has focused on functions such as: 

phonological processing

memory and attention

processing speed

language processing

perceptual-motor integration

visual-spatial processing

executive functions (eg, planning, monitoring and metacognitive abilities)

Approved by the LDAO Board of Directors, May 2001.

www.ldadr.on.ca/ldaodef.htm